Swedish membership of NATO would boost national security and help to stabilise the Nordic and Baltic regions, Foreign Minister Ann Linde says, a day after neighbour Finland said it would seek to join the US-led alliance without delay.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has forced Sweden – and its closest military partner Finland – to publicly pick sides after remaining outside the military alliance since it was founded in 1949 to counter the Soviet Union in the Cold War.
Stockholm is widely expected to follow Helsinki’s lead and could apply for entry to the 30-nation North Atlantic Treaty Organisation as early as Monday.
“Swedish NATO membership would raise the threshold for military conflicts and thus have a conflict-preventing effect in northern Europe,” Linde told reporters as she presented the conclusions of an all-party security review that examined the pros and cons of NATO membership for Sweden.
“The most important consequence of Swedish membership of NATO would be that Sweden would be a part of NATO’s collective security and included in security guarantees according to … Article 5.”
Article 5 of NATO’s founding treaty says that an attack on any NATO country should be seen as an attack on all.
While Sweden and Finland have long had close relations with NATO and regularly take part in exercises and its high-level meetings, they are not covered by its security guarantee.
The government said the report did not constitute a recommendation to join NATO.
The Left and Greens were the only parties that did not support the report’s conclusions.
An application would have to be approved by all NATO countries and later, by Sweden’s parliament.
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan said on Friday it was not possible for NATO-member Turkey to support plans by Sweden and Finland to join the pact, saying the two countries were “home to many terrorist organisations”.
Finland’s and Sweden’s foreign ministries had no immediate comment on Erdogan’s statement.
Finnish and Swedish membership of NATO would redraw the geopolitical map of northern Europe and create a largely unbroken ribbon of member states facing Russia from the Arctic to the Black Sea.
On Thursday, Finland’s president and prime minister said the country – which shares a 1300km border with Russia – must apply to join the NATO military alliance “without delay”.
Russia said Finland’s bid was a hostile move that posed a threat to its security.
Moscow in April said it could station nuclear-armed missiles in the Russian territory of Kaliningrad, sandwiched between NATO members Poland and Lithuania on the Baltic Sea, if Finland or Sweden joined the defence alliance.
“If Sweden chooses to seek NATO membership, there is a risk of a reaction from Russia,” Defence Minister Peter Hultqvist said. “Let me state that, in such a case, we are prepared to deal with any counter-response.”
Hultqvist said that Sweden would also need assurances from allies to cover the period between its application to join NATO and its ratification by existing members.
“Among other things, increased military exercises with international partners both on Swedish territory and in the near vicinity could contribute to raising the threshold (against an attack),” he said.
Sweden and Finland have received promises of support from NATO members including Britain, Germany and the United States.
On Sunday, Sweden’s ruling Social Democrats are widely expected to end decades of opposition and formally approve joining NATO. Parliament will then debate security issues on Monday.
